Comparison Of Management Practices Between Female And Male Entrepreneurs

Dr. Mauli Mahajan

Dubai

ABSTRACT

The aim of the research is to study the difference between female and male entrepreneurs on six management practices. Leadership Effectiveness Dimension Scale (LEDS) is used to identify management practices such as Emotional Stabilizer (ES), Team Builder (TB), Performance Orientor (PO), Potential Extractor (PE), Socially Intelligent (SI) and Value Inculcator (VI). The study intended to answer two questions: Which management practices does entrepreneurs use the most? And; between female and male entrepreneurs who is higher on utilizing the practices more than the other? Null hypothesis is generated and is verified by an investigation which is based on interpretation and analysis of the instruments that is obtained through empirical research from 25 female entrepreneurs and 22 male entrepreneurs, in Mumbai city- India (making a sample size of 47). Study reveal that female entrepreneurs use Performance Orientor (PO) the most and male entrepreneurs use Performance Orientor (PO) and Potential Extractor (PE) the most. No significant different is found between female and male entrepreneurs on ES, TB, PE, PO and VI, except on Socially Intelligent (SI) dimension, where female entrepreneurs are found lower than male entrepreneurs. So we can conclude that in all 6 management practices, both female and male entrepreneurs score high, but in comparison, male entrepreneurs are found higher than the female entrepreneurs.

Key words – Management Practices, Male entrepreneurs, Female entrepreneurs,

Introduction

Effective management is an art. One of the objective for almost all firms is to have best of management practices and be able to change them according to the new trends and requirements. Studies through the years show that there is positive relationship between the adaptation of management practices and productivity, some negative and some no association whatsoever. Along with the adaptation the type of leader and gender of leader also play an important role. Till now we have seen male leaders and managers but now times have changed. Lot of the firms are headed by dynamic female leaders and they adapt many practices, similar or different to that of male’s. Through this study the researcher has tried to identify the practices adapted by male and female entrepreneurs and wants to see if they are any difference between the two.

Methodology

In order to determine the management practices adapted by female and male entrepreneurs, qualitative research method was used. Entrepreneurs were identified through reference mechanism with specific selection criteria such as:

• Having employee strength of 90-100 in number,
• Having investment of 1 - 1.5 crores, and
• Having made some level of profit since last 5 years.

25 female entrepreneurs and 22 male entrepreneurs agreed to be part of the study, making the sample size of 47. Leadership Effectiveness Dimension Scale (LEDS) was given to these 47 entrepreneurs. It has 6 dimensions divided over 30 items namely, Emotional Stabilizer (ES), Team Builder (TB), Performance Orientor (PO), Potential Extractor (PE), Value Inculcator (VI) and Socially Intelligent (SI).

Data Analysis

The data determined was statistically analysed by calculating Mean and SD for each dimension under each entrepreneur and each dimension.

	MEAN	MEAN
	FEMALE ENTREPREENUR	MALE ENTREPREENUR
ES	20.71	21.41
TB	21.34	22.21
PE	23.34	23.41
PO	24.1	23.41
SI	20.47	22.21
VI	22.09	23.01
TOTAL	132.05	135.66

Results reveal that female entrepreneurs use Performance Orientor (PO) the most and male entrepreneurs use Performance Orientor (PO) and Potential Extractor (PE) the most. No significant different is found between female and male entrepreneurs on ES, TB, PE, PO and VI, except on Socially Intelligent (SI) dimension, where female entrepreneurs are found lower than male entrepreneurs. So we can conclude that in all 6 management practices, both female and male entrepreneurs score high, but in comparison, male entrepreneurs are found higher than the female entrepreneurs.

Conclusion

We can conclude that in all 6 management practices, both female and male entrepreneurs score high, but in comparison, male entrepreneurs are found higher than the female entrepreneurs.

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

Six Management Practices have been satisfied by Hinger & Sharma.

1. Emotional Stabilizer (ES) – Capable of providing emotional Stability to its employees. He must depict, Balanced behaviour, no emotional influence, no prejudice, patience and caring for emotional satisfaction of others.

2. Team Builder (TB) – Believes in team work. He prefers joint decision making, avoid unhealthy competition among members, maintains team cohesivity, resolves problems of members and possesses team spirit.

3. Performance Orientor (PO) – Concern with the accomplishment of task in stipulated time. he has task achievement motive, adherence to high standards of performance, work efficiency, improvisation, prioritization of work and regular reorganization.

4. Potential Extractor (PE) – Focuses on development and utilization of skills and abilities of individuals. He concerns with identification of potential, proper canalization of individual’s potential, providing proper opportunities to employees, delegating adequate authority and confidence building.

5. Value Inculcator (VI) – Nurtures fundamental and operative values in the organization. He shows commitment to work, organization loyalty, punctuality, trust based relationships, acceptance for mistakes and failures and superordinate goals.

6. Socially Intelligent (SI) – Adapts his behaviour according to the situation. Minimum facial reflection of feelings, good listener and analyser, clarifying limitations and constraints, resolving conflicts tactfully and keeping track of latest developments.

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